作者：赵莉莉
　　【Abstract】There are some misunderstandings of the role of Structural Linguistics in recent linguistics. In order to make it clear whether Structural Linguistics is still a living theory， this paper reviews the theory of Structural Grammar， and analyses Audiolingual Method and its realization-pattern teaching. The conclusion is that Structural Linguistics is still， at least in the field of language teaching， influential nowadays.
　　【Key words】Structural Grammar； Audiolingual Method； The importance and application of Pattern Teaching
　　【作者簡介】赵莉莉（1981.6- ），女，壮族，广西人，广西师范大学漓江学院，硕士，研究生，讲师，研究方向：英语教学，跨文化传播学。
　　The Structural approach to the analysis of language was started by the Swiss linguist Ferdinand de Saussure in the beginning of the twentieth century. In a sense， all the linguistic theories after him are structural in that all regard linguistic units as interrelated with each other in a structural （or system）， not as isolated bits.（Hu Zhuanglin， 2002：119） However， since 1970s， Structural Linguistics have given rise to Transformational Grammar， which is proposed firstly by Chomsky and accepted world-widely in the field of linguistic study. Even those， who work in fields like phonology or with units like the morpheme， do not describe themselves as structuralists. Is Structural Grammar really out-dated？Dose it die away totally from the nowadays’ linguistic study？But “if linguistics is no longer officially structural， why so many linguists and theories are still influenced by structuralist ideas”， （Matthews， 2001：142） namely， pattern teaching. This paper begins with the revision of Structural Grammar， and then describes the Audiolingual Method influenced by ideas of Structural Linguistics， and ends up with discussion of significance and application of Pattern teaching-one realization of Audiolingual Method-in order to depict that Structural Linguistics is still valuable in recent linguistic study.
　　1. Structural Grammar
　　Structural Grammarians think that every language has tight structural which makes that language a specific system. It is because of mastering the systematic structure that people can understand and produce sentences which they haven’t heard before. Grammar should be constructed to describe language structure and display language system objectively. （He Linmei， 2004：59） The structural description of English begins with an analysis of the sound of the language in general， and then goes on to isolate mutually exclusive groups of grammar description proceeds to the next highest level， the word structure （morphology） of English， which involves the isolation of the smallest meaning-bearing units， the morphemes，， which make up the words of the language. Finally， structural grammar analyzes the phrase structure， or syntax， of English. At this level， the grammarian looks for the various ways in which can be combined to produce grammatical English sentences. （Lapalombara， 1976） Therefore， there will be a system： some patterns of organization which contribute to grammatical meaning. As Fries argued， a sentence is a structural pattern which is made up of “parts of speech” which can be identified both by their formal markers and by their position or positions in the pattern， then we must test for all sentence positions in which that part of speech can occur.