作者:校园英语杂志社 字数:4377 点击:

  【摘要】表格式任务型阅读是南京市中考英语卷的必考题型之一。本文以南京市2015-2021年中考英语表格式任务型阅读题为样本,依次介绍了copy、change、create三种解题方法。
  【关键词】任务型阅读;表格式;解题方法
  【作者简介】王继虎,男,江苏省南京市雨花台中学初中部,中小学一级教师。
  一、Copy,摘录原词
  此类题在任务型阅读题中最为简单。学生只要能够将表格信息与原文进行对比,在原文中锁定关键信息即可。但通过近些年的中考试题来看,命题者为了增加此类题的相对难度,命题时会设置丢分陷阱,因此需要学生们具备较强的观察能力与分析能力。
  【例题1】原句:When Noah was 43, he started writing the first American dictionary. (2015南京中考卷)
  题目:Noah Webster and the   56   American Dictionary
  分析:原句是原文第五段的第一句。因为处于段首这一特殊位置,学生们很容易锁定关键词first,但是题目在表格中被设置为标题,标题中所有实词的首字母需要大写。所以正确答案应是First,而非first。
  【例题2】原句:Electric vehicles do not have tailpipe emissions, making them more friendly to the environment, too. (2020南京中考卷)
  题目:● Having no tailpipe emissions, they are more environmentally   61  .
  分析:原句中的friendly用作宾语补足语,但题目中的答案friendly用作表语。命题者将同一个单词在不同的句子中用作不同的成分,使得学生不敢轻易照搬原词。
  【例题3】原句:Call psychological hotline to share your worries and get help from others going through the same experience. (2021南京中考卷)
  题目:Turn to psychological hotline and those in the same boat for   64  .
  分析:题目将原句中的others going through the same experience替代为those in the same boat,并从句末调至句中,增加了学生答题的难度。
  二、Change,转换旧词
  此类题在任务型阅读题中最为常见。命题者设置题目时,通常在原文的基础上变换题干,使得题目与原文看上去相似,实则不同。这需要学生们具备较强的辨识能力与信息处理能力。
  1. 转换词形
  【例题4】原句:However, the most harmful effect sleeping in class is missing out on important points. In the long run, sleepers may end up failing classes. (2019南京中考卷)
  題目:◆ Students who sleep too much in class may miss out on important knowledge and   64   in their study.
  分析:fail在原文中用作宾语,故采用动名词形式。但在题目中fail用作谓语,句子时态是一般现在时,且主语Students为复数形式,故答案由动名词形式转换为动词原形。
  【例题5】原句:Exams are a fact of school life for most people. Almost everyone worries about them and feels stressed,, although they have prepared well. (2021南京中考卷)
  题目:◆ 56   about exams is a real fact for almost everyone at school.
  分析:worry在原句中用作谓语,句子时态是一般现在时,且主语是everyone,故采用动词的第三人称单数形式。但在题目中worry用作主语,故答案由动词的三单形式转换为动名词形式。
  2. 转换词性
  【例题6】原句:Another major problem is litter. In the parks it is a particular danger to animals. (2017南京中考卷)
  题目:◆ Litter is   64   to animals. Fires caused by broken glass can damage large areas very quickly.
  分析:原文中danger的前面有不定冠词a,但题目中删掉了a, 因此,该题不能直接将名词danger照搬过来,而应该将名词danger转换为形容词dangerous。
  【例题7】 原句:Monet's train scenes turned his career into a success and for the station master, made his train station famous until even now. (2018南京中考卷)

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